Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Population aging in the 21st century is among the most urgent challenges facing public health, necessitating the search for innovative solutions in dentistry. By 2050, the population over 60 years of age is expected to exceed 2.1 billion. Therefore, an increase in the number of professionals trained in geriatric care will be required. In line with the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, the World Health Organization declared the period 2020-2030 the Decade of Healthy Aging and urges health systems to prioritize specialized training in this field.

The article "Inclusion of the 1-hour Glucose Tolerance Test in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus," published in this journal, highlights the value of the 1-hour OGTT as a diagnostic tool endorsed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). This discussion is expanded by proposing the integration of this test with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC), another strategy endorsed by the IDF to optimize early detection of dysglycemia in populations at particular risk, such as the Cuban military.

Carlos J. Finlay, his name or his signature

Introduction: In recent years, studies have been carried out in order to find alternatives to reduce the effects of sensitivity induced by dental whitening. Some studies have used oral medications, with systemic action, to inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators. Objective: Identify the benefits of ibuprofen in relieving dentin sensitivity in patients undergoing dental whitening. Method: Quasi-experimental study, through a repeated measures design (before/after), that included 61 patients ah the Dental Clinic of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, who required dental whitening. A single group that underwent two appointments was formed, with a minimum of 14 days between them: first whitening session without taking ibuprofen, second dental whitening session with 600 mg ibuprofen intake half an hour before the whitening procedure. Subsequently, data were collected with the visual analog scale for dentin sensitivity and time. Results: Females predominated (63.9%) and the age group was 18 to 23 years. There was a decrease in sensitivity in the second session, after ingestion of ibuprofen, specifically at 10 and 20 minutes and at 8 hours. With the Wilcoxon rank test, the differences in sensitivity at 10 and 20 minutes without and with ibuprofen were statistically significant. Conclusion: The use of ibuprofen 600 mg, single dose, is beneficial for the relief of dental sensitivity caused by teeth whitening, without influencing its effectiveness.

Introduction: Chromosomal aneuploidy (CA) is one of the leading causes of miscarriage and congenital anomalies, particularly prevalent among high-risk pregnant women. Objective: To identify the key predictors associated with fetal chromosomal aneuploidy among high-risk pregnant women. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 436 high-risk pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Vietnam, from April 2021 to December 2024. The participants underwent amniocentesis and karyotyping. Collected risk factors included maternal age, paternal age, history of miscarriage, history of giving birth to children with birth defects, occupational exposure to chemicals, place of residence, and abnormal fetal ultrasound findings. Statistical analysis was performed using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The overall rate of chromosomal aneuploidy was 11.2%, with trisomy 21 being the most common (42.9%). In the univariate analysis, statistically significant risk factors associated with CA included: maternal age ≥ 35 (OR = 2.3; p = 0.007), paternal age ≥ 40 (OR = 2.1; p = 0.033), and abnormal ultrasound findings (OR = 2.2; p = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, only abnormal ultrasound findings remained statistically significant (OR = 2.06; p = 0.022). Conclusion: Advanced paternal age and abnormal fetal ultrasound findings serve as important predictors for screening fetal chromosomal aneuploidy in high-risk pregnant women.

Introduction: Depression affects mental and organic homeostasis, leading to alterations in energy metabolism. Objective: To determine the association between basal metabolic rate and depressive symptoms in Peruvian adults. Methods: An analytical and cross-sectional study based on the 2022 Family Demographic and Health Survey. The study population consisted of 31,681 adults. Variables included the presence of depression, basal metabolic rate, and sex. Educational level, weight, and height were included for multivariate adjustment. The Student t-test was used for independent samples, and the odds ratio was adjusted using binary logistic regression. Results: Low basal metabolic rate was higher in groups with moderate (women= 70.30%; men= 71.90%), moderately severe (women= 73.10%; men= 75.30%), and severe (women= 71.40%; men= 70%) depression. The average basal metabolic rate in women with depression was 1206 kilocalories/24 hours, while in women without depression it was 1295 kilocalories/24 hours (p< 0.001). In men with depression, the average basal metabolic rate was 1501 kilocalories/24 hours, while in men without depression it was 1598 kilocalories/24 hours (p< 0.001). In multivariate analysis, women with depressive symptoms had a Basal Metabolic Rate < 1400 kilocalories/24 hours 1.20 times more often than women without depressive symptoms (Odds Ratio= 1.195; 95% Confidence Interval= 1.121-1.197); p< 0.001). In men, the Basal Metabolic Rate < 1600 kilocalories/24 hours was 1.32 times more often (Odds Ratio= 1.319; 95% Confidence Interval= 1.278-1.357); p < 0.001). Conclusions: Depressive symptoms are associated with alterations in the basal metabolic rate in Peruvian adults.

Introduction: Primary congenital open-angle glaucoma is a rare disease that appears clinically isolated, with complex treatment and a reserved visual prognosis. Objective: To detail the surgical treatment of a 3-month-old infant with primary congenital open-angle glaucoma. Clinical Case: A 3-month-old male infant was brought to the hospital because his mother noticed that the child had blue eyes and was very tearful for about a month. Physical examination revealed blepharospasm, tearing, and corneal edema that obscured the intraocular structures. The child was diagnosed with congenital glaucoma and prescribed Cosopt. However, the mother reported that her condition worsened with this treatment, so combined trabeculotomy and trabeculectomy were performed, with satisfactory outcome. Conclusions: Surgical treatment is an alternative for infants with primary congenital open-angle glaucoma who do not respond to initial medical treatment.

The work by Linares et al. provides valuable epidemiological, psychological, and social information on blood pressure control. In this letter, some key points are highlighted. Firstly, it is suggested to perform multivariate analyses that include variables such as comorbidities, type of medication, and time of diagnosis. Regarding blood pressure measurement in patients, it is recommended to use modern devices and identifying the 'white coat' phenomenon. Furthermore, lifestyle interventions that have been shown to effectively control blood pressure is proposed. These comments may be useful to the authors for future research in the field of arterial hypertension.

Doctoral development in nursing sciences in the Revolutionary Armed Forces