Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The research identified, based on the development of inspection standards in comparative law, the criteria for the suspension of work of companies that fail to comply with labor inspection regulations. The research design was non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective. The scope was descriptive and the approach was qualitative. The data collection technique was documentary review. The results of the research show that our inspection legislation is very general and only establishes questions about the infraction and reiteration, which is exploited by employers who constantly infringe the social and labor norms. It is concluded that it is necessary to reform the figure of recidivism of labor infractions, and to establish a series of criteria that allow a temporary closure of the company, and as a very extreme measure, the definitive closure.

This article analyzes the case of people born in Guatemala, ex refugees in the state of Campeche, México in the middle of 1980; that returned to your country between 1993 and 1995, but when they did not find adequate conditions to settle down, returned to Mexico and resettled in Campeche, since the early 2000 decade. Through semi structured interviews, is documented that currently they are in a lack of definition about their nationality, due face institutional and economic limitations to naturalize as Mexicans, this implicates a restriction serious to exercise their human rights. Despite the work is realized in three settlement localities, is likely other people deal with the same situation in the South Border of Mexico. From a rights focus, this paper proposes elements to make easier their recognition process of the nationality from the Mexican state.

Health is recognized as a Human Right by various conventions, which is why Public Policies with a Rights-Based Approach, such as the Explicit Health Guarantees in Chile, are so important. Thus, given the relevance of the role played by the actors involved in the implementation of this Public Policy, it is of interest to understand the perceptions of health professionals who, in their role as Street-Level Bureaucrats, participate in public policy implementation processes. This perception, defined as these actors’ understanding of the complexity and demands of the context in which they operate, can affect their professional performance and influence implementation processes. The objective of this study was to analyze professionals’ perceptions regarding the application of the Rights-Based Approach to health. The results highlight access to health and timelines of care as relevant principles, along with other specific principles of the Human Rights-Based Approach in health care. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop more studies that allow us to understand and analyze the strategies that professionals carry out to comply with the right to health.

This article analyzes the caregiving policy of sons and daughters from zero to seven years of age of working mothers, implemented by the State of Guatemala since 1991, exposing the elements by which it constitutes a capitalist patriarchal policy, through which human rights linked to work and social security of the caregivers are violated. It also analyzes how the State throughout its institutionality, mainly from the Executive Branch, the Judiciary and jurisprudence, has responded to the demand for justice of caregivers, perpetuating the patriarchal model in force for thirty-three years. Finally, the paper concludes by outlining some measures of reparation that are considered adequate to repair the damage caused from the perspective of fundamental and human rights. It should be noted that this patriarchal policy is not specific to the State of Guatemala, but is applied in other States, among which the case of Colombia is emblematic. To date, this is a problem that has not been addressed structurally by the scientific community of jurists and the feminist movement.

The present work contains, first, a conceptual approach to the terms “human rights” and “fundamental rights,” seeking to determine the differences in the origin and content of each definition, while at the same time trying to find a consensus between both categories that allows for the development of a meaning useful for studying a list of rights with common characteristics. Once this practically useful meaning is found, the category of labor human rights will be defined, followed by an inventory of the main characteristics of these rights, the sources from which they originate, the people who are their holders, and the relationship between labor human rights and other conceptual locations where we can find them, such as the ILO’s Declaration of Fundamental Rights or the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the so-called jus cogens. The aim is to find points of convergence among all these sources. Finally, there is a particularization of some of the main labor human rights recognized by both constitutional and ordinary jurisprudence of the main judicial courts of Costa Rica, mainly the Constitutional Chamber.

Case description: We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient who presented intermittent urinary incontinence three weeks after cesarean section. Vesicouterine fistula was diagnosed. Preoperative studies included clinical history, voiding cystogram, contrast tomography, and cystoscopy. An extravesical transperitoneal laparoscopic approach was performed and the vesicouterine fistula was closed. During the approach, cystoscopy, bilateral ureteral catheterization, trocar placement, adherensiolysis, bladder and cervix separation, hysterectomy, vaginal vault and bladder closure, and omentum interposition were performed. Blood loss was minimal and the patient was discharged 24 hours later. Relevance: Vesicouterine fistulas are among the least common urogynecologic fistulas, however, their incidence increases in parallel with the number of lower segment cesarean sections worldwide. Clinical implications: The usual treatment has been open abdominal repair. Urinary incontinence that occurs after an obstetric event should suggest the presence of some surgical complication. It is important to know the different surgical approaches for its resolution. Laparoscopic repair of vesicouterine fistula is safe and effective. Conclusions: This approach is an excellent minimally invasive option in hospitals where robotic technology is not available. The experience of the surgical team is essential in the management of these cases.