Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Urolithiasis in a solitary kidney is a significant endourological challenge,  any procedures to  kidney or its drainage can lead to significant morbidity. There is no international consensus for its management. Procedure selection should be based on stone burden, comorbidities, and complications. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, complications, and stone-free rates of patients with solitary kidneys and complex renal stones from July 2017 to September 2023. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted on patients with solitary kidneys and renal stones classified as GUY III and IV treated with PCNL. Continuous variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation. T-Student or U-Mann-Whitney tests, χ², Spearman or Pearson correlations, and ANOVA were utilized as appropriate. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: a total of 318 records were analyzed, of which 26 patients were included, with 84.6 % being female and a mean age of 45.15 years. All patients had a history of previous episodes of renal lithiasis. The mean stone burden was 984.92 mm3, with a STONE SCORE of 9.3. The stone-free rate was 30.8 % after a single procedure, with Clavien-Dindo I complications in 15.38 % of cases and renal function improvement in 57.7 %. Stone burden, Stone Score, and stone density were significantly associated with the stone-free rate. Conclusion: PCNL emerges as one of the most effective and safest techniques with few complications for complex stones in solitary kidney patients, with minimal impact on renal function

Background: nephrocolic, renocolic, or colorenal fistulas are a rare condition, generally associated with inflammatory processes of infectious, traumatic, or neoplastic origin involving the kidney. Their clinical presentation is often nonspecific, and diagnosis is primarily based on complementary imaging studies. Although various triggering factors for this pathology have been identified, no previous cases caused by an abscessed renal cyst following a low-height fall have been reported. Case report: an 81-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus under treatment, and a previously diagnosed simple renal cyst in the left kidney presented with fatigue and anorexia following a low-height fall. She was referred to our institution from a local hospital, where tomography revealed findings consistent with emphysematous pyelonephritis and a complex renal cyst in the left kidney, prompting the decision for surgical intervention. During surgery, a fistula between the abscessed renal cyst and the colon was identified and treated with fistulectomy and primary suture repair of the splenic flexure of the colon, along with drainage of the left renal cyst abscess. The procedure yielded favorable results and a positive prognosis. The causes of nephrocolic fistulas are often linked to inflammatory kidney processes complicated by urinary tract infections. In this case, the association between a pre-existing renal cyst and trauma from the fall should be considered. The treatment for this condition involves surgical closure of the fistulous tract. In conclusion, renocolic fistulas are generally caused by inflammatory, infectious, or traumatic renal processes. Their clinical presentation is highly variable, and management requires surgical intervention, including fistulous tract resection.

Background: they are benign mesodermal tumours, rarely found in babies and children. The etiology is still unknown. These lesions are often seen in the renal pelvis and distal ureter. In addition to hematuria. They are often congenital in children, while in adults they are caused by inflammation, chronic irritation and infection. They manifest in children with an average age of 9 years and have a strong male predominance. Clinical case: a 11-year-old female patient comes to the clinic due to dysuria, urinary urgency and hematuria, for 3 weeks, with pain in the pelvic region, she denies other associated symptoms. A renal bladder ultrasound reported an exophytic lesion, pathological general urine test, simple and contrast-enhanced tomography with excretory phase with a tumor measuring 3.2 x 2.8 x 2.8 cm, transurethral resection of bladder tumour without complications. Clinical implications: histopathological result is reported which describes without evidence of malignancy, a multifragmentation fibroepithelial polyp, a benign condition with a favorable evolution. Conclusions: hematuria is the most common symptom. The differential diagnosis between bladder carcinoma and polyps is difficult. Pathology is the means to differentiate between these two conditions. For treatment, transurethral resection is the most effective operation.

Clinical case: an 86-year-old female comes for medical evaluation during an episode of acute urinary retention, upon medical questioning she only reffers previous events of nonspecific chills and malaise; after an urotomography is ordered, an exophytic lesion was identified in the bladder wall. Cystoscopy was performed with resection of the lesion, further inmunohistochemical analysis helped make the diagnosis of sympathetic bladder paraganglioma. Absent catecholamines were found at follow-up. Relevance: bladder paragangliomas are extraordinarily rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.6-0.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. When located in the abdomen, it affects the organ of Zuckerkandl in 70 % of cases; the bladder is involved in only 10 % of cases of intra-abdominal paraganglioma.  Clinical implications: the cyclic secretion of catecholamines, originated by the neoplastic cells that compose the paraganglioma, causes systemic symptoms related to their activity in other organs. The clinical presentation of sympathetic bladder paragangliomas can be highly insidious, due to the wide range of local and systemic symptoms that can be observed. Conclusions: due to the local effect of the neoplasm or its catecholamine-secreting activity, the index of suspicion for this type of neoplasm should be high and coupled with a detailed anamnesis to identify the catecholamine-related signs and/or symptoms.  

Description: we present a 58-year-old man who came to the emergency room complaining of macroscopic hematuria. As a result of the diagnostic protocol, an extra-bladder tumor. A wide en bloc resection of the umbilical scar, middle umbilical ligament and bladder dome was performed. Diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma of the peribladder soft tissues (urachus), T3 according to Sheldon's classification, surgical margins free of lesion, angiolymphatic invasion present. At 48-month follow-up, the patient remains negative for recurrence or metastasis. Relevance: it is important to know the topic and make a differential diagnosis in patients who present with hematuria, as well as collaborate to compile evidence from similar clinical cases, in this way obtain greater knowledge of risk factors, with the subsequent preparation of detection protocols. Clinical implications: urachal tumors constitute less than 1 % of bladder neoplasms, being a pathology of limited knowledge. A clinical case of urachal adenocarcinoma is presented, to provide evidence to the literature.  Conclusions: the diagnosis of urachal adenocarcinoma is rarely considered in a patient with hematuria, and although its prevalence is low, it is important to promptly identify the disease to avoid complications and morbidity and mortality in our patients.

Description: Paruresis, also known as Shy Bladder Syndrome or situational inability to urinate, is defined as the inability to initiate or maintain urination in the presence of others due to fear of scrutiny. The varying degrees of severity and the fact that it is not a life-threatening condition lead to it being underdiagnosed and poorly studied, causing significant interpersonal, social deterioration and impacting the patient's quality of life. Relevance: There is little research on this condition, as it presents a wide variability of symptoms. Given its likelihood of initial diagnosis in urological consultations, a narrative review was undertaken to characterize the current state of the art. Conclusions: Paruresis is a complex medical disorder. The lack of awareness among various specialties contributes to poor treatment outcomes. Only education, research, and a multidisciplinary approach will allow progress in understanding this condition.

The association between Prostate Cancer (PCa) and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been well documented in the world, but little in Mexico. This review describes aspects that link HPV infection with PCa and analyzes the reports carried out in Mexico. The analysis in most reports demonstrated an association, detecting HPV in 14 % of PCa and 8.5 % of benign prostatic hyperplasia; It is suggested that more studies be carried out to establish a role of the virus in the pathogenesis to implement specific prevention strategies in PCa

Introducción: El consumo de alcohol se encuentra dentro de los diez principales factores de riesgo de muerte y discapacidad en todo el mundo; destacando que las personas jóvenes se han visto mayormente afectadas. Entre las razones de inicio de consumo se ha encontrado que la soledad es un factor de riesgo, siendo los jóvenes de entre 16 a 24 años los más vulnerables. Sin embargo, las investigaciones no han sido concluyentes respecto a su relación especialmente en la población joven. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la Soledad y el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes universitarios. Metodología: Diseño descriptivo correlacional, muestreo por conglomerados, con una muestra de 254 jóvenes universitarios. Se utilizó una Cedula de Datos Sociodemográficos y Prevalencias de Consumo de Alcohol, Escala de Soledad UCLA y el Cuestionario de Identificación de los Trastornos debidos al Consumo de Alcohol [AUDIT]. Resultados: Los jóvenes universitarios reportaron una media de 71.9 (DE=16.3) en la escala de Soledad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas de soledad entre ambos sexos (p< .05). Se observó diferencia significativa solo entre el consumo perjudicial y sexo de los participantes (X2=8.542, p=.003). Se mostró una relación negativa y significativa entre la soledad y el consumo de alcohol (rs=-.141, p<.05). Discusión y Conclusiones: Se encontró que los jóvenes que presentaron una menor soledad tuvieron un mayor consumo de alcohol. Una mayor prevalencia de consumo de alcohol sensato y dependiente en las mujeres, y mayor prevalencia de consumo de alcohol perjudicial en hombres.

Introduction: Health worker’s clothing, including medical students, is often contaminated by pathogens causing high-mortality infections and long hospital stay. Hence, wearing medical attire outside the hospital setting is a breach of the current hospitals’ biosafety standards. Objective: To determine the prevalence of incorrect use of hospital uniforms and to establish its relationship with the degree of knowledge of medical students about biosafety regulations and their self-perception when using them outside the hospital. Methods: Observational, analytical-cross-sectional study in medical students to identify the prevalence of incorrect use of hospital uniforms and factors related to this practice through a CAPs survey. Results: 79.89% of the participants wore medical uniforms outside pratice hours and outside the hospital, even though they were aware that this is a breach of biosafety regulations. 31.2% of the participants liked the fact that by wearing their uniform outside the hospital they were recognized as health personnel. Discussion: Ecuador does not have precise data about the rigorous application of biosecurity measures in hospitals. The regularization of the use of hospital uniforms outside the hospital should be a priority for health systems, due to the increase in infectious diseases transmitted by contact. Conclusions:  Medical students are aware of the infectious potential of hospital uniforms, but their use in out-of-hospital environments is still a frequent practice.

Introduction: Women are currently entering the workforce with increasing frequency, a situation that entails greater physical and emotional strain due to multiple responsibilities at work and at home. Work-related stress as a response to a double work shift requires the use of coping strategies that can sometimes be related to the use of alcohol and medical drugs. Objective: To examine the use of alcohol and benzodiazepines as coping strategies in women with work-related stress. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The population consisted of 440 women over the age of 18 from a higher education institution. Results: Women with higher work stress were found to have higher alcohol and benzodiazepine use as a coping strategy for work-related stress (U = 3814.5, p < .001), with the highest means and medians of work-related stress found in women who consumed alcohol and benzodiazepines (